See menacier in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "menacer" }, "expansion": "French: menacer", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "French: menacer" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "2": "m'nichi" }, "expansion": "Norman: m'nichi", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norman: m'nichi" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "manacen", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle English: manacen, manace, manasen, manassen, menace\nEnglish: menace", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "→ Middle English: manacen, manace, manasen, manassen, menace\nEnglish: menace" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "VL.", "3": "*mināciāre" }, "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *mināciāre", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "la", "3": "minax", "4": "mināx, mināciae" }, "expansion": "Latin mināx, mināciae", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *mināciāre, present active infinitive of *mināciō (“threaten”), from minācia (“threat”), from Latin mināx, mināciae.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fro-conj-ier", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "menacier", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "avoir menacié", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "en menaçant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund" ] }, { "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "menaçant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "menacié", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "menaz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaces", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menace", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçoie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacieve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacieves", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçot", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacieve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaciiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaciens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaciiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçoient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçoent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacievent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "preterite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaças", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaça", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçames", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "preterite" ] }, { "form": "menaçastes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacierent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacerai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceras", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacera", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacerons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaceroiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacereiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacerez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceront", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceroie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacereie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceroies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacereies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceroit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacereit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceriiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaceriens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaceriiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceriez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceroient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacereient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect", "present" ] }, { "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "anterior", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "past" ] }, { "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "menaz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menazt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçasse", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaçasses", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaçast", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacissons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissoiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaçassent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "past", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "pluperfect", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menace", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "verb" }, "expansion": "menacier", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "fro-conj-ier" } ], "lang": "Old French", "lang_code": "fro", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French verbs ending in -ier", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "to threaten" ], "id": "en-menacier-fro-verb-osDEqR2T", "links": [ [ "threaten", "threaten" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "manecier" }, { "word": "manacier" } ] } ], "word": "menacier" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "menacer" }, "expansion": "French: menacer", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "French: menacer" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "2": "m'nichi" }, "expansion": "Norman: m'nichi", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norman: m'nichi" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "manacen", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle English: manacen, manace, manasen, manassen, menace\nEnglish: menace", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "→ Middle English: manacen, manace, manasen, manassen, menace\nEnglish: menace" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "VL.", "3": "*mināciāre" }, "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *mināciāre", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "la", "3": "minax", "4": "mināx, mināciae" }, "expansion": "Latin mināx, mināciae", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *mināciāre, present active infinitive of *mināciō (“threaten”), from minācia (“threat”), from Latin mināx, mināciae.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fro-conj-ier", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "menacier", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "avoir menacié", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "en menaçant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund" ] }, { "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "menaçant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "menacié", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "menaz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaces", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menace", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçoie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacieve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacieves", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçoit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçot", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacieve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaciiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaciens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaciiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçoient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçoent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacievent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "preterite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaças", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaça", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçames", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "preterite" ] }, { "form": "menaçastes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacierent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacerai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceras", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacera", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacerons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaceroiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacereiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menacerez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceront", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceroie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacereie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceroies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menacereies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaceroit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacereit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceriiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaceriens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaceriiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceriez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "menaceroient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacereient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect", "present" ] }, { "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "anterior", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "past" ] }, { "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "menaz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menazt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menaçasse", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaçasses", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaçast", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "menacissons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissoiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menacissiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menaçassent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "past", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "pluperfect", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "menace", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "menaçons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "menaciez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "verb" }, "expansion": "menacier", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "fro-conj-ier" } ], "lang": "Old French", "lang_code": "fro", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Old French entries with incorrect language header", "Old French first group verbs", "Old French lemmas", "Old French terms derived from Latin", "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin", "Old French terms inherited from Latin", "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin", "Old French verbs", "Old French verbs ending in -ier", "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "to threaten" ], "links": [ [ "threaten", "threaten" ] ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "manecier" }, { "word": "manacier" } ], "word": "menacier" }
Download raw JSONL data for menacier meaning in Old French (11.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.